对于Openstack运维人员来说，需要掌握Openstack云平台系统资源的整体运行情况，包括域(AZ)的cpu/menmory等资源使用情况；本文将介绍使用zabbix结合openstack python-api对openstack系统资源进行监控。
使用如下命令可以获取当前openstack的所有可用域。
nova availability-zone-list
+-----------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Name | Status |
+-----------------------+----------------------------------------+
| internal | available |
| |- computer03 | |
| | |- nova-storage | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:07.000000 |
| |- computer04 | |
| | |- nova-storage | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:08.000000 |
| |- computer05 | |
| | |- nova-storage | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:13.000000 |
| |- computer06 | |
| | |- nova-storage | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:05.000000 |
| |- computer07 | |
| | |- nova-storage | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:05.000000 |
| |- computer08 | |
| | |- nova-storage | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:07.000000 |
| |- controler02 | |
| | |- nova-conductor | enabled XXX 2017-10-09T09:46:27.000000 |
| | |- nova-consoleauth | enabled XXX 2017-10-09T09:46:37.000000 |
| | |- nova-monitor | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:11.000000 |
| | |- nova-scheduler | enabled XXX 2017-10-09T09:46:37.000000 |
| | |- nova-cert | enabled XXX 2017-10-09T09:46:37.000000 |
| |- controller01 | |
| | |- nova-conductor | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:11.000000 |
| | |- nova-consoleauth | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:04.000000 |
| | |- nova-monitor | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:07.000000 |
| | |- nova-scheduler | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:09.000000 |
| | |- nova-cert | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:12.000000 |
| IMS | available |
| |- computer03 | |
| | |- nova-compute | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:07.000000 |
| |- computer04 | |
| | |- nova-compute | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:05.000000 |
| |- computer08 | |
| | |- nova-compute | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:13.000000 |
| paas | available |
| |- computer05 | |
| | |- nova-compute | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:07.000000 |
| |- computer06 | |
| | |- nova-compute | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:13.000000 |
| |- computer07 | |
| | |- nova-compute | enabled :-) 2018-10-18T10:56:04.000000 |
+-----------------------+----------------------------------------+
由结果可以看出，该系统含有两个域： IMS 和 paas 。
但是该命令结果不太直观，不容易提取，我们也可以使用如下命令：
nova aggregate-list
+----+---------+-------------------+
| Id | Name | Availability Zone |
+----+---------+-------------------+
| 1 | IMS+RCS | IMS |
| 4 | paas | paas |
+----+---------+-------------------+
根据 aggregate-list ，我们可以查看域对应的计算节点：
nova aggregate-details paas
+----+------+-------------------+------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
| Id | Name | Availability Zone | Hosts | Metadata |
+----+------+-------------------+------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 4 | paas | paas | 'computer07', 'computer05', 'computer06' | 'availability_zone=paas' |
+----+------+-------------------+------------------------------------------+--------------------------+
由结果可知，paas域，一共包含三个computer节点，对于每个节点的使用情况，我们一样可以通过命令获取：
nova hypervisor-show computer07
+---------------------------+------------+
| Property | Value |
+---------------------------+------------+
| free_disk_gb | 55 |
| free_ram_mb | 126156 |
| host_ip | 193.2.0.37 |
| hypervisor_hostname | computer07 |
| hypervisor_type | QEMU |
| id | 9 |
| local_gb | 445 |
| local_gb_used | 390 |
| memory_mb | 257740 |
| memory_mb_used | 131584 |
| npt_ept | ept |
| pci_pools | - |
| running_vms | 8 |
| service_disabled_reason | - |
| service_host | computer07 |
| service_id | 27 |
| state | up |
| status | enabled |
| vcpus | 48 |
| vcpus_used | 32 |
+---------------------------+------------+
#截取部分信息
我们可以得知，该节点的vcpu总数及其使用情况,memory_mb总数及其使用情况。
将每个节点的使用情况均获取后，经过计算，就可以得出域的资源整体使用情况。对于云平台的整体使用情况，我们也可以通过命令行获取：
nova hypervisor-stats
+----------------------+---------+
| Property | Value |
+----------------------+---------+
| count | 6 |
| current_workload | 0 |
| disk_available_least | 304 |
| free_disk_gb | 518 |
| free_ram_mb | 961736 |
| local_gb | 2670 |
| local_gb_used | 2152 |
| memory_mb | 1546440 |
| memory_mb_used | 584704 |
| running_vms | 42 |
| vcpus | 288 |
| vcpus_used | 172 |
+----------------------+---------+
上面我们讨论了使用命令行进行相关信息的获取，下面我们讨论使用python-api进行相关信息的获取与计算。
程序代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#imports
import json
from optparse import OptionParser
from novaclient import client as noclient
from novaclient import utils
#登录及授权
keystone = {}
keystone['os_username']='admin'
keystone['os_password']='keystone'
keystone['os_auth_url']='http://lb-vip:5000/v2.0/'
keystone['os_tenant_name']='admin'
nova_client = noclient.Client(2, keystone['os_username'], keystone['os_password'], keystone['os_tenant_name'], keystone['os_auth_url'])
def main():
#获取云平台整体信息并打印
total_info = nova_client.hypervisor_stats.statistics()._info.copy()
print "total_info_vcpus:", total_info["vcpus"]
print "total_info_vcpus_used:", total_info["vcpus_used"]
print "total_info_memory_mb:", total_info["memory_mb"]
print "total_info_memory_mb_used:", total_info["memory_mb_used"]
print "total_info_running_vms:", total_info["running_vms"]
#获取域列表信息
aggregates = nova_client.aggregates.list()
for aggregate in aggregates:
#初始化每个域的资源统计变量
vcpus = 0
vcpus_used = 0
memory_mb = 0
memory_mb_used = 0
running_vms = 0
#获取每个aggregate信息，并保存对应的hostscomputer节点列表
aggregate_info = aggregate._info.copy()
print aggregate_info["id"], aggregate_info["name"], aggregate_info["availability_zone"], aggregate_info["hosts"]
aggregate_hosts = aggregate_info["hosts"]
#循环计算节点，保存相关资源信息
for aggregate_host in aggregate_hosts:
hypervisor_info = utils.find_resource(nova_client.hypervisors, aggregate_host)._info
vcpus = vcpus + hypervisor_info["vcpus"]
vcpus_used = vcpus_used + hypervisor_info["vcpus_used"]
memory_mb = memory_mb + hypervisor_info["memory_mb"]
memory_mb_used = memory_mb_used + hypervisor_info["memory_mb_used"]
running_vms = running_vms + hypervisor_info["running_vms"]
#打印域资源信息
print "vcpus:", vcpus
print "vcpus_used:", vcpus_used
print "memory_mb:", memory_mb
print "memory_mb_used:", memory_mb_used
print "running_vms:", running_vms
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
执行该程序后，可以获取各个域节点的信息：
total_info_vcpus: 288
total_info_vcpus_used: 172
total_info_memory_mb: 1546440
total_info_memory_mb_used: 584704
total_info_running_vms: 42
1 IMS+RCS IMS [u'computer04', u'computer03', u'computer08']
vcpus: 144
vcpus_used: 84
memory_mb: 773220
memory_mb_used: 243200
running_vms: 20
4 paas paas [u'computer07', u'computer05', u'computer06']
vcpus: 144
vcpus_used: 88
memory_mb: 773220
memory_mb_used: 341504
running_vms: 22
经过适当的计算，我们就可以获取各个域分配及使用比例等信息。
上面我们就使用 python-api 打印出了所有需要的信息，但是对于监控来说，我们需要提取的是各个监控项的信息，这样才能方便的搜索和做图表展示；下面我们讨论结合zabbix进行相关信息的监控。
上面我们已经获取了所有的可用域信息，但对于zabbix来说，我们还需要返回固定格式的数据，供zabbix进行解析：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#imports
import json
from optparse import OptionParser
from novaclient import client as noclient
from novaclient import utils
#登录及授权
keystone = {}
keystone['os_username']='admin'
keystone['os_password']='keystone'
keystone['os_auth_url']='http://lb-vip:5000/v2.0/'
keystone['os_tenant_name']='admin'
nova_client = noclient.Client(2, keystone['os_username'], keystone['os_password'], keystone['os_tenant_name'], keystone['os_auth_url'])
def main():
r = {"data":[]}
aggregates = nova_client.aggregates.list()
for aggregate in aggregates:
aggregate_info = aggregate._info.copy()
r['data'].append( {"{#NAME}":aggregate_info["name"]} )
print(json.dumps(r, indent=2, sort_keys=True, encoding="utf-8"))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
执行后，返回的结果如下,可以通过供zabbix自动发现模版使用：
{
"data": [
{
"{#AVAILABLE_ZONE}": "IMS",
"{#NAME}": "IMS+RCS"
},
{
"{#AVAILABLE_ZONE}": "paas",
"{#NAME}": "paas"
}
]
}
云平台整体信息，Item设置如下：
openstack.total[vcpus]
openstack.total[vcpus_used]
openstack.total[memory_mb]
openstack.total[memory_mb_used]
openstack.total[running_vms]
获取{#NAME}后就可以根据监控项获取对应的监控内容了，zabbix自动发现自动发现key设置如下：
openstack.system.discovery
discovery下，设置监控Item,key设置如下：
openstack.zone[hosts,{#NAME}]
openstack.zone[vcpus,{#NAME}]
openstack.zone[vcpus_used,{#NAME}]
openstack.zone[memory_mb,{#NAME}]
openstack.zone[memory_mb_used,{#NAME}]
openstack.zone[running_vms,{#NAME}]
其中{#NAME}为第一步的脚本中返回的可用域对应的aggregate相关信息。
对应的zabbix-agent.conf配置如下：
# /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_openstack-system.conf
UserParameter=openstack.system.discovery,python /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/openstack-system.py --item discovery
UserParameter=openstack.total[*],python /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/openstack-system.py --item total --moniter $1
UserParameter=openstack.zone[*],python /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/openstack-system.py --item $1 --aggregate $2
对应的zabbix自动发现的监控脚本如下：
# /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/openstack-system.py
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#imports
import json
from optparse import OptionParser
from novaclient import client as noclient
from novaclient import utils
#登录及授权
keystone = {}
keystone['os_username']='admin'
keystone['os_password']='keystone'
keystone['os_auth_url']='http://lb-vip:5000/v2.0/'
keystone['os_tenant_name']='admin'
nova_client = noclient.Client(2, keystone['os_username'], keystone['os_password'], keystone['os_tenant_name'], keystone['os_auth_url'])
def main():
options = parse_args()
if options.item=="discovery":
zone_list()
elif options.item=="total":
total_moniter(options)
else:
zone_moniter(options)
#判断入参合法性
def parse_args():
parser = OptionParser()
valid_item = ["discovery", "total", "hosts", "vcpus", "vcpus_used", "memory_mb", "memory_mb_used", "running_vms"]
parser.add_option("", "--item", dest="item", help="", action="store", type="string", default=None)
parser.add_option("", "--moniter", dest="moniter", help="", action="store", type="string", default=None)
parser.add_option("", "--aggregate", dest="aggregate", help="", action="store", type="string", default=None)
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if options.item not in valid_item:
parser.error("Item has to be one of: "+", ".join(valid_item))
return options
#获取可用域列表
def zone_list():
r = {"data":[]}
aggregates = nova_client.aggregates.list()
for aggregate in aggregates:
aggregate_info = aggregate._info.copy()
r['data'].append( {"{#NAME}":aggregate_info["name"], "{#AVAILABLE_ZONE}":aggregate_info["availability_zone"]} )
print(json.dumps(r, indent=2, sort_keys=True, encoding="utf-8"))
#获取云平台整体监控信息
def total_moniter(options):
total_info = nova_client.hypervisor_stats.statistics()._info.copy()
print (total_info[options.moniter])
#获取可用域对应的监控信息
def zone_moniter(options):
aggregate = utils.find_resource(nova_client.aggregates, options.aggregate)
aggregate_info = aggregate._info.copy()
aggregate_hosts = aggregate_info["hosts"]
if options.item=="hosts":
print (aggregate_hosts)
else:
monitor_data = 0
for aggregate_host in aggregate_hosts:
hypervisor_info = utils.find_resource(nova_client.hypervisors, aggregate_host)._info
monitor_data = monitor_data + hypervisor_info[options.item]
print (monitor_data)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
在zabbix上进行对应的配置后重启，将模版应用于主机，此时应当监控获取所有的可用域，并监控对应的信息。
